Fire classes are categories that are subdivided according to the type of combustible material. They are important because they determine which extinguishing agents and methods are suitable for each type of fire. The correct classification helps to fight fires efficiently while minimising risks to people and property.
How many fire classes are there?
There are 5 fire classes according to DIN EN 2, so every fire can be categorised into fire classes A, B, C, D and F.
Fire classes according to DIN EN 2
Fire class A: Fires involving solid materials
This class includes fires caused by solid materials such as wood, paper or textiles. Water extinguishers are generally suitable for this type of fire, but foam and powder extinguishers can also be used.
Fire class B: Fires involving liquid substances
This class includes fires caused by liquids or solids that become liquid, such as petrol, oil or solvents. Foam, powder and CO2 fire extinguishers are the best options here, as they prevent the fire from spreading and smother the liquid.
Fire class C: Fires involving gaseous substances
Fires involving gases such as propane or butane fall into this class. Gas fires can be particularly dangerous as they can spread quickly. Powder and CO2 extinguishers are effective here.
Fire class D: Metal fires
This class applies to fires caused by combustible metals such as magnesium, titanium or aluminium. Metal fires require special extinguishing agents. Water or conventional extinguishing agents are completely unsuitable here and can exacerbate the situation.
Fire class F: Fires from cooking oils and fats
This class includes fires caused by hot oils or fats in kitchens. The use of water is absolutely contraindicated here, as this can lead to dangerous grease fires. Grease fire extinguishers have been specially developed for this type of fire to smother the fire.
Understanding the fire classes and the corresponding extinguishing agents is crucial for effective fire protection.
By familiarising yourself with the different fire classes, you can ensure that you take the right action in the event of a fire. Whether at home, at work or in public facilities, being well prepared and knowing about fire classes can make all the difference in an emergency.